References & Resources
Epidemiology & Assessment

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• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

• The Journal of the American Medical Association

• The New England Journal of Medicine

• Other Web Sites

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bioterrorism web site: www.bt.cdc.gov/
   

• Emerging Infectious Diseases: Bioterrorism-Related Inhalational Anthrax: The First 10 Cases Reported in the United States November-December 2001 (Vol.7, No. 6), available at:
  www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no6/jernigan.htm#Figure
   

• Emerging Infectious Diseases: National Symposium on Medical and Public Health Response to Bioterrorism.  July-August 1999 (Vol.5, No. 4) available at: www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no4/pdf/v5n4.pdf
   

• Bioterrorism Alleging Use of Anthrax and Interim Guidelines for Management -- United States, 1998: February 05, 1999 / (Vol. 48, No. 4:69-74), available at: www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056353.htm
   

• U.S. Public Health Service’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations on smallpox vaccination: www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5010a1.htm
   

• U.S. Public Health Service’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations on anthrax vaccination: www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4915a1.htm

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The Journal of the American Medical Association
NOTE: If you do not have a subscription to JAMA, please register as a guest to access the
following free content articles.

• JAMA series (available at: http://jama.ama-assn.org/)

  • Anthrax as a Biological Weapon, 2002. Updated Recommendations for Management.  May 1, 2002 (Vol 287, No 17: 2236-2252), full text or pdf

  • Anthrax as a Biological Weapon. May 12, 1999 (Vol 281, No 18: 1735-1745), full text or pdf

  • Smallpox as a Biological Weapon. June 9, 1999 (Vol 281, No 22: 2127-2137), full text or pdf

  • Plague as a Biological Weapon. May 3, 2000 (Vol 283, No 17:2281-2289), full text or pdf

  • Botulinum toxin as a Biological Weapon. Feb. 28, 2001 (Vol 285, No. 8: 1059-1070), full text or pdf

  • Tularemia as a Biological Weapon. June 6, 2001 (Vol 285, No. 21:2763-2773), full text or pdf

  • Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses as Biological Weapons: Medical and Public Health Management. May 8, 2002 (Vol 287, No. 18:2391-2405), full text or pdf

• Mayer TA, Bersoff- Matcha S, Murphy C. Clinical presentation of inhalational anthrax following bioterrorism exposure-report of 2 surviving patients. JAMA 2001;286:2549-2553
  http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/286/20/2549
   
• Borio L, Frank D, Mani V. Death due to bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax -report of 2 patients. JAMA 2001;286:2554-2559
  http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/286/20/2554
   

• JAMA: August 6, 1997 (Vol. 278, No.5) issue on biological warfare and terrorism.  See http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/vol278/issue5/index.dtl for list of articles.  Includes Clinical Recognition and Management of Patients Exposed to Biological Warfare Agents. Abstract available at http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/278/5/399.  Authors from the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

• Bush LM, Abrams BH, Beall AJ, Caroline C. Index case of fatal inhalational anthrax due to bioterrorism in the United States. N Engl J Med. November 29, 2001 (Volume 345:1607-1610)
  http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/345/22/1607
   
• Swartz MN. Recognition and management of anthrax - an update. N Engl J Med. November 29, 2001 (Volume 345:1621-1626)
  http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/345/22/1621
   
• Gallagher TC, Strober BE. Cutaneous Bacillus anthracis infection. N Engl J Med. November 29, 2001 (Volume 345:1646-1647)
  http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/345/22/1646
   
• Roche KJ, Chang MW, Lazarus H. Cutaneous anthrax infection. N Engl J Med. November 29, 2001 (Volume 345:1611)
  http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/345/22/1611
   

• Anthrax. T.C. Dixon, et al. NEJM, September 9, 1999 (Vol. 341, No. 11:815-825), http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/341/11/815

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Other Web Sites

• Cutaneous anthrax: differential diagnosis:
  www.acponline.org/bioterro/anthrax_mimics.htm?hp
   

• US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook (August 2004; Fifth Edition). The handbook contains information on biological agents, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis:  http://usamriid.detrick.army.mil/education/bluebook.htm
   

• The UCLA School of Public Health, Center for Public Health and Disasters has a slide show, references and links for emergency and primary care physicians: www.ph.ucla.edu/cphdr/bioterrorism/index.html
   

• http://anthrax.radpath.org/index.html
  This site provides information about the pathogenesis and imaging of inhalational anthrax. The content represents the combined efforts of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and the American Registry of Pathology, Washington DC and INOVA Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax VA.

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